The Gĩkũyũ people between Thika and Mbeere are closely related to the Kamba people who speak a language similar to Gĩkũyũ. There was actually a tenth daughter but the Kikuyu considered it … The Ameru say that their Father who was also a God was called Mukunga. Kabeca gives the names Pisinia, Abyssinia, Tuku, Mariguuri, Baci, Miiru, and Misri as synonyms of Mbwaa with some informants stating the above location to be the place of the “Israels.” The Embu were called Kembu and came as hunters looking for ivory” (Mwaniki, nd. The said person also had to demonstrate and practice the highest levels of truth (maa) and justice (kihooto), just like the supreme God of the Gĩkũyũ people would do. Until 1888, the Agikuyu literature was purely expressed in folklore. Kindle Edition #42. These trees served as places of worship and sacrifice and marked the spot at Mũkũrũe wa Gathanga where Gĩkũyũ and Mũmbi – the ancestors of the Gĩkũyũ in the oral legend – first settled. [18] The clans were not restricted to any particular geographical area, they lived side by side. [24] Girls’ initiation sets were also accorded special names, although there has been little research in this area. Higher forces are invoked by humans using lower forces (animal or plant sacrifice) as intermediaries. Kikuyu history says that the Kikuyu God, Ngai, took Gikuyu to the top of Kirinyaga and told him to stay and build his home there. Advertisement. KAU acted as a constituency association for the first black member of Kenya's legislative council, Eliud Mathu, who had been nominated in 1944 by the governor after consulting with the local Bantu/Nilotic elite. He raised them as his sons. Unlike for Afro-Diasporans in the Americas these results can therefore be verified with known genealogy. They also believed that some people possessed power to manipulate the inner force in all things. 1976) the Gusii and the Kikuyu have a common ancestry. Nyaga D (1986) gives other the names - Mwooko, Thamagi and Matara – as other terms that refer to the Gumba. There are human beings who have more knowledge of these forces and can manipulate them at will usually by invoking higher forces to assist. [32] The Agikuyu, upset at the waves of emigrants, enforced a policy of killing any of their own that collaborated with the colonial government. Several regiments then make up a ruling generation. They used the Ethiopia route to get to Mount Kenya. Paperback. The names of the initiation and regiment sets vary within Gĩkũyũ land. Their father went back to his country of origin and convinced some girls to follow him and marry his boys. In the 20th century, most of the Agikuyu consumed cinema and film produced in the west. However, the Kikuyus are said to have a founder, a man called Gikuyu and his wife, Mumbi who were created by God and put in a place full of wild fig trees; that … The Kikuyu people are a Bantu people. All things have vital force but some objects, plants and animals have higher vital force than others. Mr. Ben Monde raised on lack of clarity about the origin of the Kikuyu should be given a lot of thought. near the mainland…” Apparently humans and animals could be viewed on the other side. Members of the church were given the ultimatum to renounce the cultural practice or to leave the church’s fold. He eventually surrendered in Zambia eleven days after the Armistice was signed in 1918. This myth indicates that the originator of the tribe had migrated from elsewhere. Unlike for Afro-Diasporans in the Americas these results can therefore be verified with known genealogy. According to this myth, the first man, who also created the world, was Mũmbere, and he had three sons. Gĩkũyũ is derived from the word mũkũyũ which means sycamore fig (mũkũyũ) tree". The failure of the KAU to attain any significant reforms or redress of grievances from the colonial authorities shifted the political initiative to younger and more militant figures within the African trade union movement, among the squatters on the settler estates in the Rift Valley and in KAU branches in Nairobi and the Kikuyu districts of central province.[39]. Children in the community had a link to God through their parents and that chain would move upwards to parent parents, ancestors, first created parents until it reaches God Himself. From talking with the Ethiopian religious leaders known as kesim, Waldman became familiar with the group’s oral history. This post will show that Akhenaten had some influence in Kikuyu culture, language and religion. narrates that the Meru fled from captivity at Mbwaa and went to Misiri. Kenyatta[29] related how once, in the land of the Agĩkũyũ, there ruled a despotic King called Gĩkũyũ, grandson of the elder daughter (Wanjirũ according to Leakey) of the original Gĩkũyũ of Gĩkũyũ and Mũmbi fame. The area was already home to over a million members of the Kikuyu nation, most of whom had been pushed off their land by the encroaching European settlers, and lived as itinerant farmers. The Chuka - Fadiman (Ogot 1976) records that the Chuka traditionally kept their cattle concealed in pits, a trait he believes was learned from the Umpua. To chase von Lettow-Vorbeck, the British deployed Indian Army troops from India and then needed large numbers of porters to overcome the formidable logistics of transporting supplies far into the interior by foot. A massive exodus to the cities ensued as their ability to provide a living from the land dwindled.[38]. According to legend, Ngai carried the first man, Gikuyu, to the top of Mount Kenya. [41] The remainder carry other clades: 19% E1b1b with E-M293 contributing 11%,[42][43] 2% A, and 2% B. It should also be noted that Ndia and Gachũgũ followed a system where initiation took place every annually for four years and then a period of nine calendar years followed where no initiation of boys took place. Gikuyu is the Adam and Mumbi, literally, and the potter is the Eve. Trader and Soldier of Fortune, Who Became King of the Savage Wa-Kikuyu (1912) John Boyes. [24] According to Professor Godfrey Mũriũki, the individual initiation sets are then grouped into a regiment every nine calendar years. According to a Y-Chromosome DNA study by Wood et al. Kenya. Ngai or Mwene-Nyaga is the Supreme Creator and giver of all things. [17] The Agĩkũyũ had a great sense of justice (kĩhooto).[14]. Lonsdale, John, and Atieno Odhiambo, E. S. The Kikuyu developed from several continuous waves of migration and remigration within the area. Popular Kikuyu film productions include comedies such as Machang'i series and Kihenjo series. The “Mburi cia Kiama” entails the slaughtering of goats and advising men on how to become respected elders. Koomenjwe was also called mũthurui or Mwithe (Nyaga 1986). Introduction On this page I will be posting the AncestryDNA results for North and East Africans with confirmed ethnic background(s). Before 1888 and well into the 1920s, Kikuyu music included Kibaata, Nduumo and Muthunguci. The people of Kikuyu rely heavily on agriculture as their main form of occupation. p. 125). The conflict arguably set the stage for Kenyan independence in December 1963. From this statement it is not clear whether the girls were named ad hoc after any clan, no matter what clan the parents belonged to. Meanwhile, on the political front, in 1944 Thuku founded and was first chairman of the multi-ethnic Kenya African Study Union (KASU). [33] When disputes with white settlers and the Agikuyu became violent (usually over land issues), the settlers would employ Maasai tribesmen together with some colonial troops to carry out their fighting for them. He made an incision and out came three boys. Hi there am very happy to see your work, especially about the Gikuyu people and the history of Egypt. There was a very important ceremony known as Ituĩka in which the old guard would hand over the reins of government to the next generation. Their myth of origin does not include Egypt but evidence points in that direction as will be shown in this hub. Another group crossed at dawn. The couple had nine daughters who miraculously … The olive tree (Mũtamaiyũ) was a sacred tree for women.[20]. Members of the Gĩkũyũ family from the greater Kiambu (commonly referred to as the Kabete) and Nyeri districts are closely related to the Maasai people also due to intermarriage prior to colonization. To the Gĩkũyũ people, God was the supreme being in the universe and the giver(Mũgai/Ngai) of this life force to everything that exists. “Phylogeographic Refinement and Large Scale Genotyping of Human Y Chromosome Haplogroup E Provide New Insights into the Dispersal of Early Pastoralists in the African Continent.” Genome Biology and Evolution (2015). The Gumba- Regarding the Gumba, Fadiman (Ogot, ed. In this myth, a man wandered from place to place. [19] However, in either case, real political power was exercised by the ruling council of elders for each clan. The Kikuyu were averse to counting people to the exact number because it was believed that a curse would befall them. It is from the west of present day Kenya. These three groups were to form the three colour clans of the Meru – Njiru (Black); Ndune (Red) and Njeru (White). Trader and Soldier of Fortune, Who Became King of the Savage Wa-Kikuyu (1912) John Boyes. Thunder is interpreted to be the movement of Ngai and lightning is the weapon used by Ngai to clear the way when moving from one sacred place to another. One theory is that the female names are much less, with the names of the full-nine daughters of Mũmbi being most prevalent. Geographically, they are concentrated in the vicinity of Mount Kenya. 4.1 out of 5 stars 67. There was a tenth daughter (who was not mentioned by Leakey) who according to tradition was not counted due to an incestuous relationship (Kabetu 1966, p. 1-2). Kindle Edition #42. Kikuyu, Bantu-speaking people who live in the highland area of south-central Kenya, near Mount Kenya. This would strangely mean that the female names are the oldest in Gĩkũyũ land, further confirming its matrilineal descent. Waiyaki was captured two years later by the company and buried alive in revenge. Paperback. Routledge, William Scoresby; Routledge, Katherine Pease (1910). Gĩkũyũs speak the Gĩkũyũ language as their native tongue, which is a member of the Bantu subgroup of the Niger–Congo language family. The Kenya Schools and Colleges Drama Festival, African Women's Development and Communication Network (FEMNET), Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association, "2019 Kenya Population and Housing Census Volume IV: Distribution of Population by Socio-Economic Characteristics", "Iron Working In The Upper Tana pg 3, July 2013", "African Tribalism,African Socialism and the Goal of Political Democracy in Kenya pg 60", "African Tribalism,African Socialism and the Goal of Political Democracy in Kenya pg 61", "Y-chromosomal variation in Sub-Saharan Africa: insights into the history of Niger-Congo groups. Trombetta, Beniamino et al. [25] Hobley asserts that the following sets were grouped under Maina – Kĩnũthia, Karanja, Njũgũna, Kĩnyanjui, Gathuru and Ng’ang’a. 5.0 out of 5 stars 3. In Kikuyu Mystery Revealed, the author digs deeply into the hidden mysteries of the Kikuyu people of Kenya in East Africa, whom the author claims is one of the ten lost tribes of Israel, descendants of the tribe of Asher, exiled “…beyond the rivers of Ethiopia” (Zephaniah 3:10). To achieve this, “Njiri dug channels and when he came to the sea built up a bank of sand.” Nothing more was said of this myth after the bank of sand was built. A human can easily manipulate things to his advantage or to their detriment by identifying this point of concentration of vital force. p. 130 - 133). Everything created by God retains a bond from God (Creator) to the created. Recently, Kenyan television channels have increased greatly and there are channels that broadcast programs in the Kikuyu language. The Agikuyu established themselves in their current homeland of Mt. [26], Mũriũkis is also the most systematically defined list, so far. A small group of Kĩkũyũ, numbering about 60 people in 2015, practice Judaism in the town of Kusuku. They then proceeded southwards, before veering eastwards past Kilimanjaro and on to the Indian Ocean. The Gĩkũyũ were – and still are – monotheists believing in an omnipotent God whom they refer to as Ngai. According to Hobley (a historian) each initiation generation, riika, extended over two years. The arrival was from the right hand side – urio - which Nyaga calls a downward trend via Mount Elgon and Lake Baringo. They have become popular only in the 21st century. Nao airĩĩtu magatuuo marĩĩtwa ma mĩhĩrĩga tauria hagwetetwo nah au kabere, o nginya hingo iria maundu maatabariirwo thuuthaini ati ciana ituagwo aciari a mwanake na a muirĩĩtu.[28]. To protect their interests, the settlers banned the production of coffee, introduced a hut tax, and landless workers were granted less and less land in exchange for their labour. [24] Girls, on the other hand, were initiated every year. the clan of Mumbi The reason being we are from the same mother (MUMBI—translated as creator) and the same father (GIKUYU—from whom our tribe is named). [8] Before the arrival of the British, Arabs involved in slave trading and their caravans passed at the southern edges of the Agĩkũyũ nation. In the late 20th century the Kikuyu numbered more than 4,400,000 and formed the largest ethnic group in Kenya, approximately 20 percent of the total population. Each initiation group was given a special name. [27], Karanja (1759–1762), Kĩnũthia (1772–1775), Ndũrĩrĩ (1785–1788), Mũgacho (1798–1801), Njoroge (1811–1814), Kang’ethe (1824–1827), Gitaũ (1837–1840), Manyaki (1850–1853), Kiambũthi (1863–1866), Watuke (1876–1879), Ngũgĩ (1889–1892), Wakanene (1902–1905). The Murang'a district is considered by many to be the cradle of the Gĩkũyũ people and as such, Gĩkũyũ's from the Murang'a area are considered to be of a purer breed. These people who increased the well being of a person spirit were called medicine-men (Mũgo) while those who diminished the person's life force were called witchdoctors (Mũrogi). When this process is over, they join different “kiamas” (groups). Many dress in the jeans and t-shirts of the west, or in trousers and shirts. Mwaniki (nd. Peasant Revolution in Ethiopia (African Studies) Young. [25] The last two generations came after 1900. [27], The remarkable thing in this list in comparison to the Metumi one is how some of the same names are used, if a bit offset. All those forces (things) in the universe came from God who, from the beginning of time, have had the vital divine force of creation within himself. These were the Ukara and Mokuru (Ogot 1976, p. 163). Mamba, in turn, spoke to his son Njiri and gave him instructions to separate dry land from the waters. Together, Mumbi and Gikuyu had nine daughters. [31], The traditional way of life of Agikuyu was disrupted when they came into contact with the British around 1888.
Suits Bild Ente, Unfall Michelstadt Heute, Liv Tyler Herr Der Ringe, Calvin Johnson Hall Of Fame, Kurhaus Bad Münstereifel, Kilimanjaro Region Map, Haus Kaufen In Vallendar Sparkasse, Der Kommissar Folge 30, Haus Kaufen Rastatt Zay,